Enhanced insights regarding the ecology, evolution and function of marine microbiomes

Abstract

Recent studies on geographically strategic marine environments have revealed several insights regarding their diversity and function. Recently, we have started a series of projects aimed at elucidating the role of microbial communities in the sequestration of carbon dioxide. We noted that such an ambitious target would likely form the basis of at least two decades of continuous multidisciplinary research. Over the past 2.5 years, this first SANAP funded Southern Ocean microbiomics program has made substantial advances towards achieving this ultimate goal and, along the way, has generated several key outputs. The program has been extremely successful at attracting a diverse group of students. Currently, three undergraduates, four honours students and two MSc students have received mentorship and graduated from this program (one MSc with cum laude). We have one PhD student currently writing up with thesis submission planned for mid-year, and one completing at the end of 2020. We have published the first set of manuscripts from the initial studies and through our participation in several community cruises, expanded South African international linkages and generated an incredible microbiomics resource. To strengthen and grow this program, we detail a new series of projects for the 2021 – 2023 SANAP program. Building from our initial studies, we propose a series of studies aimed at understanding the role played by key microbial communities in the Southern Ocean. These studies will use evolutionary theory to explore microbial community dynamics and the effects of nutrient co-limitation. We will also expand our functional analysis of SO microbiomes, including projects aimed at bioprospecting in line with the South African Marine and Antarctic Strategy.